In the realm of automation and industrial control, the role of a PLC programmer is critical. PLCs control a wide array of machines and processes, making the need for robust and efficient computing equipment essential. Choosing the right computer for a PLC programmer involves understanding the unique requirements of the job and selecting a machine that can handle the workload effectively.
Understanding PLC Programming
PLC programming involves writing software that instructs PLCs on how to operate machinery and processes. This software is written in languages like ladder logic, structured text and function block diagram, in environments such as Siemens TIA Portal, CODESYS or Rockwell Studio 5000. Given the complexity and precision required, the computer used must be powerful enough to run these environments smoothly and reliably.
System Requirements for PLC Programming Software
Different PLC programming environments have varying system requirements. Generally, the software demands sufficient CPU power, adequate RAM, and considerable storage space. For example, Siemens' TIA Portal and CODESYS are popular PLC programming tools, each with its own set of requirements. Ensuring compatibility and optimal performance is crucial for efficiency.
CPU Power and Performance
PLC programming can be resource-intensive, particularly when running simulations or compiling large projects. A multi-core processor, preferably from the latest generation, is recommended. Intel i5 or i7, or their AMD equivalents, are suitable choices. A higher clock speed and more cores can significantly enhance the performance, reducing compile times and improving overall efficiency.
Importance of RAM
Memory is another critical aspect. PLC programming environments and simulation tools can consume substantial amounts of RAM. A minimum of 8GB is recommended, but 16GB or more is preferable to ensure smooth multitasking and to future-proof the system against more demanding software updates. For example, for the CODESYS environment, 8GB is a sufficient amount of RAM, but for the TIA Portal environment, it is recommended to have 16GB RAM, and for large projects, even 32GB.
For example, below is a graph of the graphics generation time in Photoshop versus the amount of installed RAM. This perfectly replicates work with simulators such as Factory IO, where many operations take place at one time.
Storage Solutions
Solid State Drives (SSDs) offer significant advantages over traditional Hard Disk Drives (HDDs). Faster read/write speeds of SSDs result in quicker boot times, faster software launches, and improved overall system responsiveness. A combination of SSD for the operating system and frequently used applications, along with an HDD for storage, can provide a balanced solution.
Graphics Considerations
While integrated graphics might suffice for basic PLC programming tasks, dedicated graphics cards can be beneficial for more intensive simulations or if the programmer is also involved in designing Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs). A mid-range dedicated GPU can improve performance in these scenarios without significantly increasing the cost.
The graphics card will be especially useful for people who create visualizations, e.g. of complex SCADA systems.
Comparison on the left - the results of the dedicated graphics chip in Nvidia RTX 3050, on the right - the integrated graphics chip Intel UHD Graphics 770 with a Core i7-12700K processor
Connectivity and Ports
PLC programmers often need to connect their computers to various devices, including PLCs, HMIs, and other control systems. Thus, having multiple USB ports (preferably USB 3.0 or higher), Ethernet ports, and possibly serial ports is essential. Additionally, considering laptops, ensure the presence of HDMI or DisplayPort outputs for connecting to external monitors.
So if you are a person who has to run around the production floor and program machines, it is worth getting a laptop with an extensive number of ports, or adapters, e.g. from USB-C to RS 485. Take into account that a laptop with a large number of ports will usually be heavier and larger.
Portability vs. Power
The choice between a desktop computer and a laptop depends largely on the developer's working environment. Desktop computers typically offer more power at a lower purchase price and expandability, making them ideal for permanent office use. Laptops, on the other hand, provide the flexibility to work on-site or remotely, but may require compromises in performance, upgrade options, and are generally more expensive. High-end laptops can fill this gap by offering advanced specifications in a portable format.
Advantages of a Desktop:
- Performance: Ability to install more powerful components, including high-end graphics cards and processors.
- Upgradability: Easier and cheaper to upgrade and replace components.
- Cooling: Superior cooling systems result in lower operating temperatures and greater stability.
- Cost: Better price-to-performance ratio compared to gaming laptops.
Disadvantages of a Desktop:
- Mobility: Lack of portability, limiting use to a single location.
- Space: Larger size requires more desk space.
- Power: Constant need for a power connection, which can be problematic during power outages.
Advantages of a Laptop:
- Portability: Easy to move and use in various locations.
- All-in-One: Built-in screen, keyboard, and touchpad eliminate the need for additional peripherals.
- Battery Power: Ability to operate on battery power, allowing use without a power connection.
Disadvantages of a Laptop:
- Performance: Limited performance compared to desktops due to less powerful hardware.
- Cooling: Inferior cooling systems leading to higher temperatures and potential throttling.
- Upgradability: Limited options for upgrading and replacing components.
- Cost: Higher cost per unit of performance compared to desktops.
- Ergonomics: Limited options for customizing the workspace, smaller keyboard, and screen compared to desktop monitors.
Operating System Compatibility
The operating system plays a crucial role in compatibility with PLC programming software. While most tools support Windows, some also offer versions for macOS or Linux. It's essential to choose an OS that supports all the necessary software and provides a stable environment for development work.
Windows on MacBook with Apple M series processor
Imagine a situation where someone told you that you can install Windows on a MacBook and you buy a MacBook to program PLCs. AND SURPRISE! You bought a MacBook with an Apple Silicon processor (M1, M2, …) and these processors run on the ARM architecture, so the Boot Camp tool known from MacBooks with Intel processors, which allowed us to install Windows natively, will not work there. So the only option left is virtualization, e.g. Parallels Desktop (a paid subscription), but this runs the ARM version of Windows, and software such as TIA Portal is built for the Intel/AMD x86 architecture and is not supported there. However, from my experience, I would recommend Windows for PLC programming.
Recommended Laptop Specs for PLC Programming in 2026
Software for PLC programming does not need a gaming machine, but it is heavier than an office suite. TIA Portal with PLCSIM, WinCC and a few open projects can easily use more than 8GB of RAM, and projects compile much faster on a fast SSD. The table below sums up what we recommend for a laptop for PLC programming today.
| Component | Minimum | Recommended |
|---|---|---|
| CPU | 4-core Intel Core i5 / AMD Ryzen 5 | 6+ cores, recent Intel Core i7 / AMD Ryzen 7 |
| RAM | 8GB (enough for CODESYS) | 16GB for TIA Portal, 32GB for virtual machines |
| Storage | 256GB SSD | 512GB - 1TB NVMe SSD (every TIA Portal version takes a lot of space) |
| Operating system | Windows 11 64-bit (Windows 10 is out of support) | Windows 11 Pro 64-bit |
| Ports | USB-A, USB-C | Built-in Ethernet port (RJ45), several USB ports, HDMI, docking station support |
| Battery life | 4-5 hours | Full shift on site, or a spare charger in the bag |
Ethernet, USB and serial port
Most modern PLCs, drives and HMIs are programmed over Ethernet (PROFINET, EtherNet/IP, Modbus TCP), so a built-in Ethernet port is the most useful port on a PLC laptop. A USB to Ethernet adapter works as a second network card, for example to stay connected to the plant network and the machine at the same time. Older controllers still need a serial port (RS-232 or RS-485), and today this means a good quality USB to serial adapter. Keep one USB port free for the license dongle or USB stick some tools still use.
Business, Rugged or Gaming Laptop?
When engineers ask which is the best laptop for PLC programming, the honest answer is: a reliable business laptop with the right specs, not a specific model. Business lines such as Lenovo ThinkPad, Dell Latitude and the more powerful Dell Precision mobile workstations are popular among automation engineers because they have good keyboards, many ports, long warranty options and spare parts. If you work in dusty or wet places, a rugged laptop (for example Panasonic Toughbook or Dell Latitude Rugged) survives drops and dirt much better than consumer-grade laptops, but it is heavier and more expensive.
A gaming laptop from brands such as ASUS has a strong CPU and graphics for the money, which is great for simulation and 3D tools like Factory IO. The trade-offs are short battery life, heavy chargers and fewer business features. For a budget laptop, it is better to buy a used business laptop with 16GB of RAM and an SSD than a new cheap consumer model with 8GB soldered on the board.
Virtual Machines for PLC Software
Many industrial automation engineers keep each PLC software version in its own virtual machine (VM), for example one VM with TIA Portal V17, another with V19 and another with Studio 5000. Different versions and vendors do not always work well on one Windows installation, and a VM lets you match the exact version used on a live machine at the customer site. VMware Workstation, VirtualBox and Hyper-V are the usual choices. Running virtual machines needs resources: plan at least 8GB of RAM for each VM, at least 32GB in total, and a 1TB SSD if you keep several VMs on the laptop. Remember to pass the network adapter through to the VM so the PLC software can reach the controller.
Case Study: Ideal Computer for a PLC Programmer
Imagine a scenario where a PLC programmer needs to set up a new workstation. They choose a high-end laptop with an Intel i7 processor, 16GB of RAM, a 512GB SSD, and a mid-range dedicated graphics card. This setup provides a balance of power and portability, allowing them to work efficiently both in the office and on-site. They complement the laptop with a docking station to connect multiple peripherals and an external monitor for an extended workspace.
Suggested laptop with a dedicated graphics card
Suggested laptop without a dedicated graphics card
Maintaining Your Computer for Optimal Performance
Regular maintenance is key to keeping the computer running smoothly. This includes updating software, running antivirus scans, cleaning the hardware, and backing up data. Proper maintenance can extend the lifespan of the computer and ensure it operates at peak performance.
Conclusion
Choosing the right computer for a PLC programmer involves careful consideration of several factors, from CPU power and RAM to connectivity and build quality. By understanding the specific needs of PLC programming and balancing performance with budget, you can select a computer that enhances productivity and efficiency. Investing in the right equipment is an investment in your career, enabling you to tackle complex projects with confidence and precision.
Best Laptop for PLC Programming - FAQ
What are the minimum system requirements for PLC programming software?
It depends on the software, so always check the official system requirements of your version. As a practical minimum for a PLC programmer we suggest a modern Intel Core i5 or AMD Ryzen 5 class processor, at least 8GB of RAM and an SSD. For TIA Portal, 16GB of RAM is a much more comfortable starting point, and 32GB if you run virtual machines.
Why is RAM important for PLC programming?
RAM is crucial for multitasking and running memory-intensive applications. More RAM allows smoother operation of programming environments, simulators such as PLCSIM or Factory IO, and every VM you keep open at the same time.
Should I choose a desktop or a laptop for PLC programming?
It depends on your work environment. Desktops offer more power and upgradeability, ideal for fixed office settings. A laptop provides portability, which you need for commissioning, on-site work and service calls. Many automation engineers use a laptop with a docking station to get the best of both.
Is a dedicated graphics card necessary for PLC programming?
Not for basic tasks. A dedicated graphics card helps with 3D simulations, large HMI and SCADA projects and multiple external monitors.
What operating system is best for PLC programming?
Windows. Almost all PLC software (TIA Portal, Studio 5000, Connected Components Workbench, CODESYS) is developed for Windows on x86 processors. Some tools offer limited support for Linux, but for daily work in industrial automation a Windows laptop is the safe choice.
Is a MacBook Pro good for PLC programming?
Only with Intel processors and Boot Camp, which applies to older models. Current MacBook Pro models use Apple Silicon (ARM), so Windows runs only as an ARM virtual machine, and most PLC programming software is not supported there.
How can I future-proof my computer setup for PLC programming?
Choose a computer with higher specs than the minimum requirements and with RAM and SSD that can be upgraded. Regular maintenance and keeping software up to date also help in future-proofing your setup.
Allen-Bradley hardware used in our materials (Micro800 controllers, HMI panels and accessories) is supplied by our technology partner Elmark Automatyka, an authorized Rockwell Automation distributor.
